初めに結論
android.util.Log に渡す TAG は、23文字以下でなければならない。
もし TAG が23文字より長いと、(少なくとも android.util.Log.isLoggable() では) IllegalArgumentException が送出される。
(付録: 上限23文字を導出する計算式)
MAX_LOG_TAG_LENGTH = PROPERTY_KEY_MAX - sizeof(LOG_NAMESPACE)
                   = PROP_NAME_MAX    - sizeof("log.tag.")
                   = 32               - 9
                   = 23core/java/android/util/Log.java (217)
public static native boolean isLoggable(String tag, int level);
core/jni/android_util_Log.cpp (62)
if ((strlen(chars)+sizeof(LOG_NAMESPACE)) > PROPERTY_KEY_MAX) {
    char buf2[200];
    snprintf(buf2, sizeof(buf2),
        "Log tag \"%s\" exceeds limit of %zu characters\n",
        chars, PROPERTY_KEY_MAX - sizeof(LOG_NAMESPACE));
    jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/IllegalArgumentException", buf2);
core/jni/android_util_Log.cpp (18)
#define LOG_NAMESPACE "log.tag."
libcutils/include/cutils/properties.h (36)
/* System properties are *small* name value pairs managed by the
** property service.  If your data doesn't fit in the provided
** space it is not appropriate for a system property.
**
** WARNING: system/bionic/include/sys/system_properties.h also defines
**          these, but with different names.  (TODO: fix that)
*/
#define PROPERTY_KEY_MAX   PROP_NAME_MAX
libc/include/sys/system_properties.h (72)
/* Deprecated. In Android O and above, there's no limit on property name length. */
#define PROP_NAME_MAX   32